The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) is moving forward with a committee to assess improvements to its launch licensing regulations, a move prompted by substantial industry concerns. On November 14, the FAA announced the formation of an aerospace rulemaking committee (SpARC) to examine potential changes to Part 450, the rule governing launch and reentry licensing.
“The FAA is seeking to update the licensing rule to foster more clarity, flexibility, efficiency and innovation,” stated Kelvin Coleman, FAA associate administrator for commercial space transportation. “Making timely licensing determinations without compromising public safety is a top priority.”
Implemented in March 2021, Part 450, intended to streamline licensing, has instead faced criticism for causing delays and confusion. Dave Cavossa, president of the Commercial Spaceflight Federation, testified before the House Science Committee, stating, “The way it is being implemented today has caused severe licensing delays, confusion and is jeopardizing our long-held leadership position.”
The FAA plans to involve companies with Part 450 experience in the SpARC, aiming for a final report by late summer 2025. All existing licenses must transfer to Part 450 by March 2026, adding urgency to the review process. Coleman acknowledged that the regulations’ rapid development (two years versus the standard five) contributed to some of the problems.
SpaceX, a vocal critic, has encountered significant challenges. Gwynne Shotwell, SpaceX president and chief operating officer, highlighted the difficulties obtaining a reentry license for Dragon under Part 450, stating, “I could not get a license for Dragon to reenter on Part 450, so you can imagine the struggle we have with Starship.” She advocates for a shift towards outcome-based regulations, emphasizing safety as the primary focus, rather than the current lengthy and detailed procedures.
Shotwell’s call for a complete regulatory overhaul reflects a growing sentiment within the industry. She stressed the need for concise, understandable regulations, suggesting, “Figure out how to do it in five pages, then everybody reads it, everybody understands it, and we can all move forward together quickly.” While acknowledging major reform will take time, SpaceX plans to utilize waivers and guidance documents in the interim.